Captions in video are used to assist listeners with what is being said, to aid the hearing impaired, to provide a translation in another language, or to add additional context or commentary about the subject at hand.
When making captions for videos, the biggest choice is whether the caption will become a part of the video itself, or whether the caption information will stay separate from the video information. There isn't a unified terminology in calling these two, but some call the first option the burned-in caption, while the second option is called the embedded caption.
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Embedded captions
From a video project management perspective, the embedded caption is more flexible and easier to manage that the burned-in caption method. In an embedded caption, the caption text is stored separately from the video information. Time information is added to the caption text to tell the video player when to show each piece of caption.
In a computer environment, the caption text can be an actual separate text file that is separate from the video file. It could also be one file, but the file internally stores text and video information separately.